Regulatory background
Analytical methods are currently developed and validated according to the guidelines ICH Q14 and Q2(R2), which were transposed into European law by the corresponding regulations EMA/CHMP/ICH/195040/2022 and EMA/CHMP/ICH/82072/2006. These guidelines, which were developed by the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH), provide only a very rough framework that must be adapted by the user according to the current state of science and technology. These guidelines are to be understood as a binding framework for the validation of analytical methods. However, they must be further method-specifically specified and interpreted with regard to validation, based on the type of testing performed (identity, content, purity (impurities)) and the analytical method.
Due to the complexity of various and newly developed methods, a great deal of method-specific expertise on the part of the user and a careful consideration of risk management is necessary for method validation and development. The ICH Q14 guideline describes the harmonized requirements for the development of analytical methods. Particular attention is paid to demonstrating the robustness of the method. Another focus is on the principles for facilitating more efficient, science-based and risk-based post-approval change management. The ICH Q2(R2) guideline, on the other hand, describes the principles of analytical method validation, including validation principles. In particular, the updated version adds requirements for individual analytical methods. Depending on the intended use of the method, the specificity, range, precision and accuracy of the method must be determined, acceptance criteria for the validation must be defined in advance and given limit values must be adhered to.
Both guidelines were adopted and published by the ICH Assembly in November 2023. The requirements began to come into force in March 2024.